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cannula -- a hollow metal tube used in liposuction and fat grafting. The very tip usually is blunt for safety purposes. Newer cannulas have diameters that range from 1-5mm.

capsular contracture -- A tightening of the fibrous tissue capsule surrounding a breast implant, resulting in firmness or hardening of the breast and in squeezing of the implant, if severe. Capsular contracture is classified by Baker Grades. Baker Grades III or IV are the most severe. Baker Grade III often results in the need for additional surgery (reoperation) because of pain and possibly abnormal appearance. Baker Grade IV usually results in the need for additional surgery (reoperation) because of pain and unacceptable appearance. Capsular contracture Baker Grade II may also result in the need for additional surgery. Capsular contracture is a risk for implant rupture. Below is a description of each Baker Grade.

• Baker Grade I – normally soft and natural appearance
• Baker Grade II – a bit firm, but breast looks normal
• Baker Grade III – more firm than normal, abnormal shape
• Baker Grade IV – hard, obvious distortion, tenderness & pain

diameter -- one of the two physical dimensions, the width, of a breast implant. It will determine the final shape and width of the breast.

exposure -- the state of the surgeon having direct view of the dissection he/she is performing. The better the exposure, the more precise is the dissection.

hematoma -- a collection of blood that develops after the skin has been closed during a surgergical procedure. Untreated, hematomas can become infected, produce problems with wound healing, or become replaced by fibrous tissue to produce a permanent mass.

hemostasis -- the state of no bleeding. To achieve hemostasis the surgeon cauterizes the cut ends of the bleeding blood vessels or ligates (ties a stitch around) them. In breast enlargement surgery, absolute hemostasis is critical because even a small amount of blood around a breast implant increase the risk of capsular contracture.

profile -- the amount of implant projection (below). Implants are available in moderate profile, moderate plus profile and high profile.

projection -- The extent to which an breast implant, once inserted behind the woman's breast, projects forward.

seroma -- a collection of clear, straw-colored fluid that collects underneath the skin following plastic surgery. It is recognized by a bulge, and or a fluid wave. Untreated, a seroma can produce problems with wound healing.

subcutaneous -- an adjective describing the location of something, the location being between the skin and underlying muscle or bone.

textured -- describes the surface of a breast implant with a rough covering applied by the manufacturer. Some studies show texturesd implants have a lower risk of capsular contracture (defined above) than do smooth implants.